线粒体 ATP 合成剖面图

一张单线粒体等距 3D 剖面图，深绿色半透明外膜；内膜深橄榄绿折叠成嵴，嵴上分布四种色码呼吸链复合体（深蓝 I、棕黄 II、青绿 III、珊瑚 IV）；红色电子传递箭头经辅酶 Q 和细胞色素 c 流动；亮黄 H⁺ 梯度箭头指向膜间隙；ATP 合酶以琥珀色 F₀ 底座嵌膜、金色 F₁ 头朝向基质，ADP+Pᵢ 进、ATP 出。基质可见线粒体 DNA 环和核糖体。深炭黑背景加冷蓝环境光，医学插画风格。

A richly detailed isometric 3D cutaway of a single mitochondrion revealing its internal architecture. The outer membrane is a smooth translucent dark green shell; the inner membrane is deeply folded into cristae rendered in a warmer olive green with visible protein complex clusters. Four respiratory chain complexes (I, II, III, IV) are shown as distinct coloured transmembrane blocks: deep blue (Complex I), tan (II), teal (III), coral (IV). Red electron-carrier arrows flow from Complex I through ubiquinol to Complex III, then cytochrome c to Complex IV. Proton (H⁺) gradient arrows in bright yellow point from the matrix to the intermembrane space along each complex. ATP synthase is displayed prominently on the cristae as a large rotor-stator assembly: F₀ base in amber embedded in the membrane, F₁ head in gold projecting into the matrix, labelled "ATP Synthase". ADP and Pᵢ entering the F₁ head and ATP exiting labelled with "ATP" in bold. The matrix contains faint mitochondrial DNA loops and ribosomes. Background: deep charcoal with cool blue ambient glow. Medical illustration aesthetic, Science journal quality.